So, as a starting point, the authors began by designing their own measurement instrument. However, observing that there had previously been little research on the concept of optimism as an antecedent to health-related behaviors, there appeared to be a significant gap in the literature. In particular, Scheier and Carver (1985) sought to understand the implications of such stable attitudes for the positive regulation of behavior, particularly in the context of health. And although psychologists are not entirely in agreement regarding the factors that produce dispositional optimism, most will agree that an optimistic outlook serves us better throughout life than a pessimistic one. Whether or not we are optimistic in our nature tends to depend on both our genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and learned attitudes throughout our lives. “…an individual difference variable that reflects the extent to which people hold generalized favorable expectancies for their future.” Today, we think of this broad set of attitudes as optimism, which is defined as: The impetus to design the measure followed the researchers’ casual observation that some people tend toward a positive outlook, assuming good things will happen to them, while others approach the world with a more pessimistic set of attitudes. The Life Orientation Test (LOT) was first created by Michael Scheier and Charles Carver in 1985 and published in Health Psychology. Scheier and Carver’s (1985) Conceptualization of Optimism.Reliability, Validity and Factor Structure.The History of the Life Orientation Test.These detailed, science-based exercises will help you or your clients create actionable goals and master techniques to create lasting behavior change. This article will show you how to administer the Life Orientation Test, outlines a conceptualization of optimism, and reviews several successful examples of the scale’s application in research.īefore you continue, we thought you might like to download our three Goal Achievement Exercises for free. This makes the instrument a useful tool for any practitioner’s toolkit. The Life Orientation Test (LOT) is a standard psychological instrument that assesses one’s dispositional level of optimism, providing meaningful insight into possible interventions, such as those to address harmful thought patterns. Positive psychologists are particularly interested in the attitude of optimism because whether we bring a stable sense of optimism to situations flows on to affect our thoughts, feelings, and actions across a range of domains. doi:10.People differ in the degree to which they possess confidence and hope that future events will turn out positively. SannaOptimism and pessimism as personality variables linked to adjustment Optimism and pessimism as personality variables linked to adjustment Vol. Optimism and pessimism as personality variables linked to adjustment In: Chang, Rita, Edward C. "The SAGE Handbook of Personality Theory and Assessment: Volume 1 - Personality Theories and Models." The SAGE Handbook of Personality Theory and Assessment: Volume 1 - Personality Theories and Models. The SAGE Handbook of Personality Theory and Assessment: Volume 1 - Personality Theories and Models, London: SAGE Publications Ltd. The SAGE Handbook of Personality Theory and Assessment: Volume 1 - Personality Theories and Models. "The SAGE Handbook of Personality Theory and Assessment: Volume 1 - Personality Theories and Models." In The SAGE Handbook of Personality Theory and Assessment: Volume 1 - Personality Theories and Models, 470-85. Sanna Optimism and pessimism as personality variables linked to adjustment (Vol. Optimism and pessimism as personality variables linked to adjustment. Chang, R., Chang, E., Sanna, L., & Hatcher, R.
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